标题： 磁涡旋的动态湮灭路径 显示英文标题

标题： Dynamic annihilation pathways of magnetic skyrmions

摘要： 磁性孤子的研究通常依赖于数值建模来确定稳定性、湮灭、形成和运动等关键特性。 然而，当孤子尺寸接近原子尺度时，这些预测的准确性对数值模型的细节变得越来越敏感。 在此，我们使用伪谱方法研究二维磁斯格明子的湮灭，并将其性能与传统微磁模拟进行比较。 这两种模型之间的核心区别在于它们对交换相互作用的处理方式，该相互作用决定了磁子色散关系，并在平衡单轴各向异性以稳定斯格明子中起着至关重要的作用。 我们证明，模型的选择和空间离散化显著影响斯格明子的动力学以及湮灭所需的磁场。 伪谱模型在不同长度尺度上提供了连贯的描述，并捕捉了斯格明子在湮灭过程中的复杂行为，如斯格明子的呼吸。 我们的结果对当前最先进的斯格明子和其他二维纹理的建模具有直接意义，并将影响三维纹理（如Hopf子）的建模。 更广泛地说，我们的方法将有助于开发无缝多尺度模型和优化机器学习方法，用于材料发现。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The investigation of magnetic solitons often relies on numerical modeling to determine key features such as stability, annihilation, nucleation, and motion. However, as soliton sizes approach atomic length scales, the accuracy of these predictions become increasingly sensitive to the details of the numerical model. Here, we study the annihilation of two-dimensional magnetic skyrmions using a pseudospectral approach and compare its performance to that of conventional micromagnetic simulations. A central distinction between the models lies in their treatment of the exchange interaction, which governs the magnon dispersion relation and plays a crucial role to balance the uniaxial anisotropy to stabilise skyrmions. We demonstrate that both the choice of model and spatial discretisation significantly influence the skyrmion dynamics and the magnetic field required for annihilation. The pseudospectral model provides a consistent description across length scales and captures complex behaviours such as skyrmion breathing on its path to annihilation. Our results have direct implications in the state-of-the-art modeling of skyrmions and other two-dimensional textures and will impact the modeling of three-dimensional textures such as hopfions. More broadly, our approach will contribute to the development seamless multiscale model and optimization machine learning approaches for material discovery.