标题： 基于模型预测控制解锁热泵和蓄热系统能源灵活性：实验结果 显示英文标题

标题： Model Predictive Control for Unlocking Energy Flexibility of Heat Pump and Thermal Energy Storage Systems: Experimental Results

摘要： 可再生能源源（RES）的渗透率不断提高，以及能源系统的电气化，需要需求侧管理（DSM）的参与，以帮助缓解电力电网的拥堵。 热泵和热能储存（HPTES）系统作为高效的解决方案，在现代建筑中越来越受欢迎，并由于其在家庭用电中的重要份额，有望对需求侧管理（DSM）做出贡献。 对于典型的HPTES系统，本文提出了一种系统设计框架，涵盖控制导向的建模过程和能源灵活模型预测控制（MPC）设计。 所提出的基于MPC的DSM策略通过遵循两步DSM框架，为高效的DSM提供了一个创新解决方案。 在第一步中，进行灵活性评估，通过求解混合整数经济MPC问题来定量评估HPTES系统的灵活性潜力。 在第二步中，通过响应可行的需求响应（DR）请求，同时遵守系统约束来实现灵活性利用。 基于实际的HPTES安装进行了数值仿真和实际实验，以展示所提出设计的可行性和有效性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) and electrification of energy systems necessitates the engagement of demand-side management (DSM) to help alleviate congestion in electricity grid. Heat pump and thermal energy storage (HPTES) systems, being energy efficient solutions, are becoming popular in modern buildings and are promising to contribute to demand-side management (DSM) due to their significant share in household electricity consumption. For typical HPTES systems, this paper presents a systematic design framework covering a control-oriented modeling process and energy-flexible model predictive control (MPC) design. The proposed MPC-based DSM strategy offers an innovative solution for efficient DSM by following a two-step DSM framework. In the first step, flexibility assessment is performed to quantitatively evaluate the flexibility potential of the HPTES system by solving a mixed-integer economic MPC problem. In the second step, flexibility exploitation is achieved through reacting to feasible demand response (DR) requests while respecting system constraints. Both numerical simulations and real-world experiments are performed based on a real HPTES installation to showcase the viability and effectiveness of the proposed design.