标题： 光学约束马朗尼微泳器的同步圆周运动 显示英文标题

标题： Synchronized Circular Motion of Optically Confined Marangoni Microswimmers

摘要： 理解由外部场驱动的微观结构的集体运动可以导致下一代自主机器的发展。 本着这个目标，我们研究了在气-水界面处由光诱导的热毛细管微游泳器的集体运动。 我们发现，导致长程排斥性粒子间相互作用的马兰戈尼力可以使微游泳器在一种类似于自然界中常见的捕食者-猎物行为的集体追逐模式中同步其圆周运动。 我们检查了包含2-6个不同个体游泳速度和形状的粒子的小系统中不同程度的限制。 由于粒子之间的强排斥相互作用，在粒子填充分数高于临界值0.25的情况下观察到了持续的追逐模式。 在较低的填充分数下，游泳器在追逐、碰撞和间歇性暂停之间转换，这可能是由于活动水平随时间变化所致。 此外，我们报告说，通过在粒子形状中引入手性，可以引入一种新的同步模式，其中微游泳器集体地周期性地反转其圆周运动方向。 我们的结果表明，在设计具有不同形状和活动水平的粒子的合成受限系统中，存在一种简单但强大的获得集体同步的机制。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Understanding the collective actuation of microscopic structures driven by external fields can lead to the development of next-generation autonomous machines. With this goal in mind, we investigated light-induced collective motion of thermocapillary microswimmers at the air-water interface. We found that Marangoni forces, which lead to long-ranged repulsive interparticle interactions, can cause microswimmers to synchronize their circular motion in a collective chase mode that resembles predator-prey behavior often observed in nature. We examined different degrees of confinement in small systems containing 2-6 particles of different individual swimming velocities and shapes. Thanks to the strong repulsive interactions between particles, a sustained chasing mode was observed for particle packing fractions above a critical value of 0.25. At lower packing fractions, swimmers transition between chasing, bouncing, and intermittent pausing, likely due to time-varying activity levels. Additionally, we report that a new synchronized mode can be introduced by incorporating chirality in particle shapes, where the microswimmers collectively reverse the direction of their circular motion periodically. Our results point to a simple but powerful mechanism of obtaining collective synchronization in synthetic confined systems where particles are designed with different shapes and activity levels.