标题： 限制环中布朗粒子的四极旋转 显示英文标题

标题： Quadrupolar gyration of a Brownian particle in a confining ring

摘要： 我们开发了一个最小的理论模型，该模型揭示了一个具有四个交替局部循环的结构化稳态通量场，我们称这种现象为四极涡旋。 一个被动布朗粒子被限制在一个环形陷阱中，并仅通过两个正交热浴的各向异性热涨落（这两个热浴处于不同的温度）驱动远离平衡。 通过打破详细平衡，这种基本的温度各向异性诱导出一个由粒子运动的概率电流表征的鲁棒非平衡稳态。 值得注意的是，这些电流自组织成一种独特的四极涡旋模式，提供了最小被动系统中出现的对称性破缺、不可逆熵产生和相干运动的明确特征。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We develop a minimal theoretical model that reveals a structured steady-state flux field with four alternating local circulation, a phenomenon we refer to as quadrupolar gyration. A passive Brownian particle is confined to move in a ring-shaped trap and driven far from equilibrium solely by anisotropic thermal fluctuations from two orthogonal heat baths held at different temperatures. By breaking detailed balance, this fundamental temperature anisotropy induces a robust nonequilibrium steady state characterized by probability currents of the particle's motion. Remarkably, these currents self-organize into a distinctive quadrupolar vortex pattern, providing a clear signature of emergent symmetry breaking, irreversible entropy production, and coherent motion in minimal passive systems.