标题： 金属贫乏恒星围绕大质量黑洞伴星的化学增丰 显示英文标题

标题： Chemical enrichment of metal-poor stars orbiting massive black hole companions

摘要： 我们的星系中有数以百万计未被探测到的黑洞在游荡。 像{\it 查德拉}、LIGO 以及最近的{\it Gaia}等观测设施，已经为这些隐匿天体在双星系统中的配置提供了宝贵的见解。 受这些进展的启发，我们首次研究了在质量比极不均衡的双星系统中，从星际介质（ISM）中增强的金属吸积现象，利用一系列流体动力学模拟。 我们的研究表明，恒星伴星仅从星际介质中吸积金属的历史，从其形成至今，可以显著影响其表面丰度，尤其是在大质量黑洞伴星的增强作用下。 然而，这种效应可能只在仍处于主序星阶段的恒星中可测量。 一旦恒星伴星离开主序星阶段，类似于对{\it Gaia}BH3 伴星的观察结果，初始的 dredge-up 过程可能会抹去由于吸积金属而产生的任何过量表面丰度。 随着我们发现更多质量比不均的双星系统，理解类太阳伴星的观测金属含量与其出生金属含量之间的差异变得至关重要，特别是如果它们尚未演化的话。 显示英文摘要

摘要： There are millions of undetected black holes wandering through our galaxy. Observatories like {\it Chandra}, LIGO, and more recently, {\it Gaia}, have provided valuable insights into the configurations of these elusive objects when residing in binary systems. Motivated by these advances, we study, for the first time, the enhanced accretion of metals from the interstellar medium (ISM) onto low-mass companions in binary systems with highly unequal mass ratios, utilizing a series of hydrodynamical simulations. Our study demonstrates that a stellar companion's metal accretion history from the ISM alone, from its formation to the present, can significantly influence its surface abundances, especially when enhanced by a massive black hole companion. However, this effect is likely only measurable in stars that are still in the main sequence. Once a stellar companion evolves off the main sequence, similar to what has been observed with the {\it Gaia} BH3 companion, the initial dredge-up process are likely to erase any excess surface abundance resulting from the metals that were accreted. As we discover more unequal mass ratio binary systems, it is crucial to understand how the observed metallicity of sun-like companions may differ from their birth metallicity, especially if they are not yet evolved.