标题： 蠕动盐结晶中的自相似性 显示英文标题

标题： Self-similarity in creeping salt crystallization

摘要： 盐的自增强蠕动可以产生显著的宏观结构，例如干旱地区的沙漠玫瑰和盐湖附近的盐柱。 虽然这些构造在视觉上引人注目，但盐结晶，通常表现为表面上的盐霜，也对文化遗产保护、材料科学和土壤管理构成了重大挑战。 在本研究中，我们探讨了盐霜沉积物中自组织结晶的机制。 我们的发现表明，这些多孔盐沉积物表现出明显的自相似性，结晶过程在多个长度尺度上重复出现。 这导致较小的整体结构副本嵌套在更大的结构中，形成类似于花椰菜和西兰花中发现的分形几何结构。 通过进行受控蒸发实验，并利用先进的成像技术结合分形维数分析进行微尺度分析，我们揭示了多孔盐霜中立方微晶体的分层和尺寸控制的沉淀。 此外，我们开发了一个分层生长模型，证明宏观盐沉积物的最终高度主要由初始盐的质量决定，而不是由盐溶液在多孔盐结构中流动时毛细管力和粘滞力的相互作用决定。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The self-amplifying creeping of salts can produce striking macroscopic structures, such as desert roses in arid regions and salt pillars near saline lakes. While these formations are visually remarkable, salt crystallization, often seen as efflorescence on surfaces, also poses significant challenges for cultural heritage conservation, materials science, and soil management. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms underlying self-organized crystallization within efflorescence deposits. Our findings reveal that these porous salt deposits exhibit pronounced self-similarity, with the crystallization process recurring at multiple length scales. This results in smaller replicas of the overall structure nested within larger ones, creating fractal geometries similar to those found in cauliflower and broccoli. By performing controlled evaporation experiments and microscale analysis using advanced imaging techniques combined with fractal dimension analysis, we uncover the hierarchical and size-controlled precipitation of cubic microcrystals within the porous efflorescence. Furthermore, we develop a hierarchical growth model demonstrating that the ultimate height of the macroscopic salt deposit is primarily determined by the initial mass of salt, rather than by the interplay of capillary and viscous forces when salt solution flows within the porous salt structure.