标题： 量子双原子链：三组分玻色混合物中的超固体结构 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum diatomic chain: a supersolid structure in three-component Bose mixture

摘要： 在T=0时，对三组分超冷玻色气体混合物中超固体结构的形成和性质进行了理论研究。 该系统由23Na、39K和41K原子种类组成，在其中二元混合物（23Na,39K）和（39K,41K）可以形成由量子涨落稳定的自束缚量子液滴。 两个这样的液滴可以通过共享的39K组分结合在一起，形成稳定的“二聚体”结构，该结构表现出类似于经典双原子分子的振动模式。 提出了一种简单的方案来创建由这种基本构建模块周期性重复形成的稳定线性链，即（23Na,39K）和（39K,41K）液滴的交替序列。 该结构既表现出由于液滴排列引起的周期性密度调制，又由于共享的39K组分而具有全局相位相干性，满足超固体性的标准，因此为冷原子领域中的超固体结构增添了另一个系统。 通过密度扰动探测的低能激发谱识别了与经典双原子链预期的液滴振动相对应的模式。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The formation and properties of a supersolid structure in a three-component ultracold Bose gas mixture at T=0 are investigated theoretically. The system consists of 23Na, 39K, and 41K atomic species, in which the binary mixtures of (23Na,39K) and (39K,41K) can form self-bound quantum droplets stabilized by quantum fluctuations. Two such droplets can bind together by the shared 39K component, forming a stable "dimer" structure, which displays vibrational modes analogous to a classical diatomic molecule. A simple protocol is proposed to create a stable linear chain formed by periodic repetition of this basic building block, i.e. an alternating sequence of (23Na,39K) and (39K,41K) droplets. This structure exhibits both periodic density modulations from the droplet ordering and global phase coherence due to the shared 39K component, satisfying the criteria for supersolidity, and therefore adding another system to the gallery of supersolid structures in cold atoms arena. The low-energy excitation spectrum, probed by density perturbations, identifies modes corresponding to droplet vibrations close to the ones expected from a classical diatomic chain.