标题： 对用于探测集体声学激发传输的非弹性光散射光谱学的见解 显示英文标题

标题： A perspective on inelastic light scattering spectroscopy for probing transport of collective acoustic excitations

摘要： 理解并操控纳米尺度的能量传输和转换过程对于多种应用至关重要，从热电材料和能量收集到微电子器件的热管理。 尽管长期以来人们已经认识到，凝聚态物质中的声学和热性质主要是由于声子作为准粒子的微观传输，但由于实验技术在时空分辨率上的限制，特别是在亚太赫兹范围内的热声激发探测仍然是一个挑战。 布里渊光散射（BLS）及其变体，即脉冲受激布里渊散射（ISS），提供了对这些热声激发的探测途径，使得能够测量诸如超声和次声频率范围内的声学色散以及弛豫动力学等量。 在本文中，我们简要概述了BLS和ISS的操作原理，并强调了它们在探测新兴和低维材料中的声学、热学和磁性激发方面的应用。 最后，我们讨论了使用布里渊光散射光谱技术进行先进材料表征的当前挑战和未来机遇。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Understanding and manipulating nanoscale energy transport and conversion processes are essential for diverse applications, ranging from thermoelectrics and energy harvesting to thermal management of microelectronics. While it has long been recognized that acoustic and thermal properties in condensed matters are primarily due to microscopic transport of phonons as quasiparticles, probing thermal acoustic excitations particularly at sub-THz remains a challenge primarily due to limitations in experimental techniques with spatiotemporal resolutions pertinent to probing them. Brillouin light scattering (BLS) and its variant, impulsive stimulated Brillouin scattering (ISS), provide access to these thermal acoustic excitations, enabling measurement of quantities such as acoustic dispersions along with relaxation dynamics occurring in ultrasonic as well as hypersonic frequencies. In this perspective, we provide a brief overview of the operational principles of BLS and ISS, and highlight their applications in probing acoustic, thermal, and magnetic excitations in emerging and low-dimensional materials. We conclude by discussing current challenges and future opportunities for advanced material characterization using Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy techniques.