标题： DNA在双纳米孔拉力赛中的动态行为 显示英文标题

标题： DNA Dynamics in Dual Nanopore Tug-of-War

摘要： 固态纳米孔已成为单分子传感的强大工具，但分子通过纳米孔的快速不可控转移仍然是一个主要限制。 我们之前已经证明，一个由两个紧密排列的纳米孔组成的主动双纳米孔系统，通过反馈控制的偏置操作，显示出实现受控、减缓转移的潜力。 通过在两个纳米孔中共同捕获DNA并施加相反的电泳力，实现了转移控制的特殊拉锯配置。 在此，我们系统地研究了DNA拉锯过程中的转移物理特性，重点是使用T$_4$-DNA模型（166 kbp）进行基因组相关的更长双链DNA的研究。 我们发现，较长的分子可以在纳米孔之间不对称分布的情况下被捕捉在拉锯状态中。 其次，我们研究了DNA从拉锯配置中脱离的物理特性，重点关注DNA自由端逃逸的动力学，特别是自由端速度如何依赖于纳米孔电压、DNA大小以及纳米孔之间是否存在额外的DNA链（即在折叠转移存在时出现的情况）。 这些发现验证了来自首次通过模型的理论预测，并为拉锯过程中分子脱离的物理机制提供了新的见解。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Solid state nanopores have emerged as powerful tools for single-molecule sensing, yet the rapid uncontrolled translocation of the molecule through the pore remains a key limitation. We have previously demonstrated that an active dual-nanopore system, consisting of two closely spaced pores operated via feedback controlled biasing, shows promise in achieving controlled, slowed-down translocation. Translocation control is achieved via capturing the DNA in a special tug-of-war configuration, whereby opposing electrophoretic forces at each pore are applied to a DNA molecule co-captured at the two pores. Here, we systematically explore translocation physics during DNA tug-of-war focusing on genomically relevant longer dsDNA using a T$_4$-DNA model (166\,kbp). We find that longer molecules can be trapped in tug-of-war states with an asymmetric partitioning of contour between the pores. Secondly, we explore the physics of DNA disengagement from a tug-of-war configuration, focusing on the dynamics of DNA free-end escape, in particular how the free-end velocity depends on pore voltage, DNA size and the presence of additional DNA strands between the pores (i.e. arising in the presence of folded translocation). These findings validate theoretical predictions derived from a first passage model and provide new insight into the physical mechanisms governing molecule disengagement in tug-of-war.