标题： 1181年和1006年超新星的开罗新的阿拉伯记录 显示英文标题

标题： New Arabic records from Cairo on supernovae 1181 and 1006

摘要： 历史超新星SN 1181的遗迹仍在讨论中：虽然之前建议的G130.7+3.1（3C58）似乎太古老（3000-5000年），而具有周围星云（Pa-30）的异常恒星IRAS 00500+6713的膨胀年龄在假设没有加速或减速的情况下与AD 1181的SN Iax爆炸不矛盾。此前，仅知道来自中国和日本的报告，指向北极附近的一个事件。因此，其他文化进一步的报告可能非常相关。我们在此呈现由同时代作者Ibn Sanā' al-Mulk（埃及开罗）创作的赞美萨拉丁的阿拉伯诗歌。我们重新确定其创作时间在1181年12月至1182年5月之间。它包含一颗新的明亮恒星，可以被识别为SN 1181。这首诗还提供了关于该天体类型的新的独立信息（称为“najm”即“恒星”）、天空中的位置（在阿拉伯星座al-Kaff al-Khabīb中或附近，意为“染成红色的手”（仙后座中的五颗明亮恒星））和亮度（比alpha Cas更亮，2.25星等）。此外，我们还呈现另一份关于SN 1006的阿拉伯文本，同样来自开罗，由历史学家al-Maqrīzī撰写，可能基于同时代的al-Musabbihī。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The remnant of the historical supernova SN 1181 is under discussion: While the previously suggested G130.7+3.1 (3C58) appears too old (3000-5000 yr), the unusual star IRAS 00500+6713 with a surrounding nebula (Pa-30) has an expansion age not inconsistent with a SN Iax explosion in AD 1181 under the assumption that neither acceleration nor deceleration occurred. Previously, only reports from China and Japan were known, pointing to an event near the northern circumpolar region. Any further reports from other cultures can therefore be highly relevant. We present here an Arabic poem in praise of Saladin by the contemporaneous author Ibn San\=a' al-Mulk (Cairo, Egypt). We re-date its composition to between Dec 1181 and May 1182. It contains a new bright star, which can be identified as SN 1181. The poem also provides new and independent information on the object type (called `najm' for `star'), location on sky (in or near the Arabic constellation al-Kaff al-Khab\=ib, lit. the henna-dyed hand (five bright stars in Cassiopeia), and brightness (brighter than alpha Cas, 2.25 mag). In addition, we present another Arabic text on SN 1006, also from Cairo, by the historian al-Maqr\=iz\=i, probably based on the contemporaneous al-Musabbih\=i