标题： NICA固定靶上旁观中子、质子和轻碎片的产生 显示英文标题

标题： Production of spectator neutrons, protons and light fragments on fixed targets at NICA

摘要： 超相对论量子分子动力学（UrQMD）模型被连接到一组称为烧蚀蒙特卡罗（AMC）的模型，以在完成UrQMD对核-核碰撞的建模后识别激发的靶碎片，然后模拟靶碎片的衰变。 UrQMD-AMC方法结合了最小生成树（MST）聚类算法，该算法将单个核子与称为前碎片的激发簇关联起来，并结合了Geant4工具包中激发核的衰变模型。 根据前碎片的质量和激发能选择相关的衰变模型，包括核蒸发、统计多碎片化和费米断裂模型。 通过将UrQMD-AMC方法的结果与600A MeV Sn + Sn和10.6A GeV Au + Ag碰撞中中子和轻碎片的快度和横向动量分布数据进行比较，验证了该方法。 该方法补充了UrQMD模拟的核-核碰撞中单个核子的演化，通过核子聚类来模拟靶核碎片的产生，这些碎片在UrQMD模型中单独无法产生。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model was connected to a set of models called Ablation Monte Carlo (AMC) to identify excited spectator fragments on completion of the UrQMD modeling of nucleus-nucleus collisions and then simulate spectator decays. The UrQMD-AMC approach combines the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) clustering algorithm, which associates individual nucleons with excited clusters termed prefragments, with decay models of excited nuclei from the Geant4 toolkit. The relevant decay model for the prefragments decay is selected based on their mass and excitation energy, and includes nuclear evaporation, statistical multifragmentation, and Fermi breakup models. The UrQMD-AMC approach was validated by comparing its results with data on the rapidity and transverse momentum distributions of neutrons and light fragments from 600A MeV Sn + Sn and 10.6A GeV Au + Ag collisions. This approach supplements the evolution of individual nucleons during a nucleus-nucleus collision simulated with UrQMD with nucleon clustering to simulate also the production of spectator nuclear fragments, which are not produced in the UrQMD model alone.