标题： 在肿瘤学研究中评估总体生存率（OS） 显示英文标题

标题： On Assessing Overall Survival (OS) in Oncology Studies

摘要： 在评估肿瘤学研究中的总生存期（OS）时，疗效指标必须符合逻辑，否则患者可能会被错误地选择。 本文说明，时间比（TR）符合逻辑，而风险比（HR）不符合逻辑。 鉴于时间比（TR）被推荐使用，建议采用平滑过渡策略。 结论指出：逻辑性要求，且亚组可混合估计（SME）提供了总体人群的疗效评估，在亚组中的最小和最大疗效范围内，无论结果如何测量，无论选择哪种符合逻辑的疗效指标，无论亚组如何分层，相同的疗效评估结果。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In assessing Overall Survival (OS) in oncology studies, it is essential for the efficacy measure to be Logic-respecting, for otherwise patients may be incorrectly targeted. This paper explains, while Time Ratio (TR) is Logic-respecting, Hazard Ratio (HR) is not Logic-respecting. With Time Ratio (TR) being recommended, a smooth transitioning strategy is suggested. The conclusion states: Logicality requires, and Subgroup Mixable Estimation (SME) delivers, an efficacy assessment for the overall population within the range of minimum and maximum efficacy in the subgroups, no matter how outcome is measured, whichever logic-respecting efficacy measure is chosen, the same efficacy assessment regardless of how subgroups are stratified.