标题： $D_s$的椭圆流作为热 QCD 媒质中顺序强子化的证据 显示英文标题

标题： Elliptic flow of $D_s$ as evidence of the sequential hadronization mechanism in the hot QCD medium

摘要： 重夸克产生是研究相对论重离子碰撞中产生的热密QCD介质中的强子化机制的理想探针。 重夸克通过与介质的强耦合获得椭圆流，使得$v_2$成为探测强子化时间的敏感可观测量。 在本文中，我们在QCD介质中重夸克的Langevin动力学框架下，结合强子化超曲面上的顺序或同时凝聚加碎片化，研究了$D_s$和$D^0$介子在$Pb+Pb$碰撞中能量约为$\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$~TeV时的产生和椭圆流。 我们发现，在顺序强子化框架中，早期产生的$D_s$在中间$ p_{\mathrm{T}}$区域表现出比$D^0$更小的$v_2$。 这种反向排序行为与初步的 ALICE 测量结果一致，并为重味顺序强子化机制提供了有力证据。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Heavy flavor production serves as an ideal probe of the hadronization mechanism in the hot and dense QCD medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Heavy quarks acquire elliptic flow through strong coupling with the medium, making $v_2$ a sensitive observable for probing the hadronization time. In this Letter, we study the production and elliptic flow of $D_s$ and $D^0$ mesons in $Pb+Pb$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$~TeV within a Langevin dynamics framework for heavy quarks in the QCD medium, combined with the sequential or simultaneous coalescence plus fragmentation at the hadronization hypersurface. We find that, within the sequential hadronization framework, the earlier-produced $D_s$ exhibits a smaller $v_2$ than the $D^0$ in the intermediate $ p_{\mathrm{T}}$ region. This reversed ordering behavior aligns with preliminary ALICE measurements and provides strong evidence for the heavy flavor sequential hadronization mechanism.