标题： 重子中夸克禁闭的格点QCD研究 显示英文标题

标题： Study of Quark Confinement in Baryons with Lattice QCD

摘要： 在SU(3)格点QCD中，我们对基态三夸克(3Q)势$V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm g.s.}$和第一激发态3Q势$V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm e.s.}$进行了详细研究，即在存在静态三夸克的情况下胶子场的基态和第一激发态的能量。 通过对超过300种不同模式的3Q系统的精确计算，发现静态基态3Q势$V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm g.s.}$在1%偏差范围内可以很好地由库仑势加Y型线性势（Y-Ansatz）描述。 作为Y-Ansatz的明确证据，在最大阿贝尔投影QCD中实际上观察到了Y型通量管的形成。 对于大约100种3Q系统模式，我们计算了第一激发态3Q势$V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm e.s.}$，并发现约有1GeV的大的胶子激发能$\Delta E_{\rm 3Q} \equiv V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm e.s.}-V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm g.s.}$，这为无需胶子激发的夸克模型的成功提供了物理原因。 我们还首次对五夸克势$V_{\rm 5Q}$进行了格点QCD研究，并发现$V_{\rm 5Q}$可以很好地由OGE库仑势加多Y型线性势之和描述。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In SU(3) lattice QCD, we perform the detailed study for the ground-state three-quark (3Q) potential $V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm g.s.}$ and the 1st excited-state 3Q potential $V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm e.s.}$, i.e., the energies of the ground state and the 1st excited state of the gluon field in the presence of the static three quarks. From the accurate calculation for more than 300 different patterns of 3Q systems, the static ground-state 3Q potential $V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm g.s.}$ is found to be well described by the Coulomb plus Y-type linear potential (Y-Ansatz) within 1%-level deviation. As a clear evidence for Y-Ansatz, Y-type flux-tube formation is actually observed on the lattice in maximally-Abelian projected QCD. For about 100 patterns of 3Q systems, we calculate the 1st excited-state 3Q potential $V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm e.s.}$, and find a large gluonic-excitation energy $\Delta E_{\rm 3Q} \equiv V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm e.s.}-V_{\rm 3Q}^{\rm g.s.}$ of about 1 GeV, which gives a physical reason of the success of the quark model even without gluonic excitations. We present also the first study for the penta-quark potential $V_{\rm 5Q}$ in lattice QCD, and find that $V_{\rm 5Q}$ is well described by the sum of the OGE Coulomb plus multi-Y type linear potential.