标题： 解决重大挑战问题的前景 显示英文标题

标题： Prospects of Solving Grand Challenge Problems

摘要： 超级计算机行业的近期困境以及联邦资助的变化使一些科学家重新评估了他们希望用来解决重大挑战问题的手段。 我在此背景下评估了大规模并行处理器（MPP）的潜力以及当今MPP的状态。 我强调，对于解决大规模问题而言，MPP至关重要，必须寻求CPU性能、内存访问时间、节点间通信和I/O之间的平衡。 为了实现这一点，在选择围绕哪种最热门的处理器来设计机器时，必须保留硬件的某些特性。 我着重指出，为了并行计算的长期稳定性和增长，应优先考虑软件标准化，以便相同的代码能够在不同的平台上运行，并能在从工作站集群到MPP的各种机器上运行。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The recent woes of the supercomputer industry and changes in federal funding have caused some scientists to re-evaluate the means by which they hope to solve Grand Challenge problems. I evaluate the potential of Massively Parallel Processors (MPP) within this context and the state of today's MPP. I stress that for solving large-scale problems MPP are crucial and that it is essential to seek a balance between CPU performance, memory access time, inter-node communications, and I/O. To achieve this it is important to preserve certain characteristics of the hardware while selecting the hottest processor to design the machine around. I emphasize that for long term stability and growth of parallel computing priority should be given to standardizing software so that the same code can run on different platforms and on machines ranging from clusters of workstations to MPP.