标题： 基于反应堆的中微子振荡实验 显示英文标题

标题： Reactor-based Neutrino Oscillation Experiments

摘要： 综述了利用核反应堆作为中微子振荡源的现状。 这一技术是证明中微子存在实验的直接延续，如今已成为研究太阳和地球大气中产生的中微子振荡迹象的重要工具。 反应堆中微子的低能（\nuebar ）使它们成为探索小质量差异和相对较大混合角振荡的理想工具。 在过去的几年里，反应堆反中微子流和能谱的测定已经达到了很高的精度。 因此，在某一固定距离L处测量这些量可以很容易地与L=0时的预期值进行比较，从而检验\nuebar 的消失。 尽管有两个实验（Chooz和Palo Verde），其基线约为1公里，因此对与大气中微子异常相关的中微子质量差敏感，已经收集数据并公布了结果，但一个基线超过100公里的雄心勃勃的项目Kamland正准备开始采集数据。 这项最终的反应堆实验将具有足够的灵敏度来探测与太阳中微子情景相关的振荡相空间的一部分。 它是唯一设想的使用地球来源中微子来解决太阳中微子问题的实验。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The status of neutrino oscillation searches employing nuclear reactors as sources is reviewed. This technique, a direct continuation of the experiments that proved the existence of neutrinos, is today an essential tool in investigating the indications of oscillations found in studying neutrinos produced in the sun and in the earth's atmosphere. The low-energy of the reactor \nuebar makes them an ideal tool to explore oscillations with small mass differences and relatively large mixing angles. In the last several years the determination of the reactor anti-neutrino flux and spectrum has reached a high degree of accuracy. Hence measurements of these quantities at a given distance L can be readily compared with the expectation at L = 0, thus testing \nuebar disappearance. While two experiments, Chooz and Palo Verde, with baselines of about 1 km and thus sensitive to the neutrino mass differences associated with the atmospheric neutrino anomaly, have collected data and published results recently, an ambitious project with a baseline of more than 100 km, Kamland, is preparing to take data. This ultimate reactor experiment will have a sensitivity sufficient to explore part of the oscillation phase space relevant to solar neutrino scenarios. It is the only envisioned experiment with a terrestrial source of neutrinos capable of addressing the solar neutrino puzzle.