标题： 在美粒子衰变中的CP破坏——大效应的标准模型范式 显示英文标题

标题： CP Violation in Beauty Decays -- the Standard Model Paradigm of Large Effects

摘要： 标准模型在弱衰变中包含了一个天然的CP不对称源，这由KM机制描述。 超越$\epsilon _K$，它仅在{\em 光线}夸克系统中产生难以察觉的CP破坏表现。 另一方面，它自然地导致某些非轻子底夸克衰变中的大不对称性。 特别是当涉及$B^0-\bar B^0$振荡时，强子矩阵元的理论不确定性要么被消除，要么可以被控制，因此可以以高参数可靠性预测超过10%的不对称性。 简要描述了如何通过实验确定KM三角形，然后对其进行敏感的一致性测试。 任何失败都将构成间接但明确的新物理干预证据；一些例子被勾勒出来。 在$B$衰变中进行全面的CP研究计划——除非出现技术故障——都将为我们提供关于自然设计的基本且独特的见解。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Standard Model contains a natural source for CP asymmetries in weak decays, which is described by the KM mechanism. Beyond $\epsilon _K$ it generates only elusive manifestations of CP violation in {\em light-}quark systems. On the other hand it naturally leads to large asymmetries in certain non-leptonic beauty decays. In particular when $B^0-\bar B^0$ oscillations are involved, theoretical uncertainties in the hadronic matrix elements either drop out or can be controlled, and one predicts asymmetries well in excess of 10\% with high parametric reliability. It is briefly described how the KM triangle can be determined experimentally and then subjected to sensitive consistency tests. Any failure would constitute indirect, but unequivocal evidence for the intervention of New Physics; some examples are sketched. Any outcome of a comprehensive program of CP studies in $B$ decays -- short of technical failure -- will provide us with fundamental and unique insights into nature's design.