标题： 光锥量子化与QCD现象学 显示英文标题

标题： Light-Cone Quantization and QCD Phenomenology

摘要： 原则上，量子色动力学通过其基本的夸克和胶子自由度，提供了对强子和核结构及动力学的基本描述。 实际上，由于非微扰效应如颜色禁闭和多夸克相干性的相互作用，将QCD直接应用于涉及强子结构的反应是复杂的。 分析这些现象的关键工具是使用相对论光锥量子力学和福克态方法，以提供对相对论多体系统的可行且一致的处理方式。 我们首先简要介绍光锥场论，强调它如何可能推导出类似于传统组成夸克模型的组成图像。 福克态表示包括了强子波函数的所有量子涨落，包括远离壳配置，如内禀魅夸克，在核的情况下还包括隐藏颜色。 具有小横向尺寸的强子福克态成分，主导硬的单态反应，具有较小的颜色偶极矩。 因此，QCD预测吸收修正最小，即在大动量转移下，核靶中准弹性单态反应的颜色透明性。 在其他应用中，例如计算轻核的轴向、磁和四极矩，QCD福克态描述提供了超越传统强子和核物理的新见解。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In principle, quantum chromodynamics provides a fundamental description of hadronic and nuclear structure and dynamics in terms of their elementary quark and gluon degrees of freedom. In practice, the direct application of QCD to reactions involving the structure of hadrons is complex because of the interplay of nonperturbative effects such as color confinement and multi-quark coherence. A crucial tool in analyzing such phenomena is the use of relativistic light-cone quantum mechanics and Fock state methods to provide tractable and consistent treatments of relativistic many-body systems. We begin with a brief introduction to light-cone field theory, stressing how it may allow the derivation of a constituent picture, analogous to the constituent quark model. The Fock state representation includes all quantum fluctuations of the hadron wavefunction, including far off-shell configurations such as intrinsic charm and, in the case of nuclei, hidden color. The Fock state components of the hadron with small transverse size, which dominate hard exclusive reactions, have small color dipole moments. Thus QCD predicts minimal absorptive corrections, i.e., color transparency for quasi-elastic exclusive reactions in nuclear targets at large momentum transfer. In other applications, such as the calculation of the axial, magnetic, and quadrupole moments of light nuclei, the QCD Fock state description provides new insights which go well beyond traditional hadronic and nuclear physics.