标题： 拓扑缺陷与宇宙学 显示英文标题

标题： Topological Defects and Cosmology

摘要： 许多粒子物理物质模型都存在对应于稳定或长寿命拓扑缺陷的解。 在标准宇宙学的背景下，这样的缺陷在宇宙早期相变过程中不可避免地会形成。 某些类型的缺陷会对宇宙学产生灾难性后果，而其他缺陷可能起到有益的作用，例如作为宇宙结构形成的可能种子，或在介导重子数破坏过程中发挥作用。 在所有情况下，拓扑缺陷都导致粒子物理与宇宙学之间的丰富相互作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Many particle physics models of matter admit solutions corresponding to stable or long-lived topological defects. In the context of standard cosmology it is then unavoidable that such defects will form during phase transitions in the very early Universe. Certain types of defects lead to disastrous consequences for cosmology, others may play a useful role, as possible seeds for the formation of structure in the Universe, or in mediating baryon number violating processes. In all cases, topological defects lead to a fruitful interplay between particle physics and cosmology.