标题： 超磁性纽结、陈-西蒙斯波和重子不对称性 显示英文标题

标题： Hypermagnetic Knots, Chern-Simons Waves and the Baryon Asymmetry

摘要： 在有限的超导性和有限的费米子密度下，长程超磁场所的通量线可能不具有拓扑平凡的结构。 化学势和赝标量场（如轴向希格斯）的联合演化，可能在TeV量级温度下存在，可以扭曲超荷通量线，最终产生超磁结（HK）。 HK的动力学特性取决于模型的各种粒子物理参数（赝标量质量与耦合、电弱相变强度、等离子体的超导性）以及位于超磁场拓扑平凡构型中的原始通量大小。 我们研究了HK可以生成的不同宇宙学情景。 我们认为，HK中占据的费米子数可以被释放，从而为宇宙重子不对称性（BAU）提供种子，前提是结的典型尺度大于扩散长度尺度。 我们推导了我们机制所需的原始超磁通量的约束，并通过将通量线的扭结程度与BAU联系起来，提供了对宇称破坏的度量。 我们排除了普通轴子作为在GeV量级温度下产生{\em 磁场}结的可能候选者，因为如果轴子振荡的初始振幅约为Peccei-Quinn破缺尺度，则产生的{\em 电磁的}螺旋度是可忽略的（对于宇宙学标准而言）。 显示英文摘要

摘要： At finite hyperconductivity and finite fermionic density the flux lines of long range hypermagnetic fields may not have a topologically trivial structure. The combined evolution of the chemical potentials and of pseudoscalar fields (like the axial Higgs), possibly present for temperatures in the TeV range, can twist the hypercharge flux lines, producing, ultimately, hypermagnetic knots (HK). The dynamical features of the HK depend upon the various particle physics parameters of the model (pseudoscalar masses and couplings, strength of the electroweak phase transition, hyperconductivity of the plasma) and upon the magnitude of the primordial flux sitting in topologically trivial configurations of the hypermagnetic field. We study different cosmological scenarios where HK can be generated. We argue that the fermionic number sitting in HK can be released producing a seed for the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) provided the typical scale of the knot is larger than the diffusivity length scale. We derive constraints on the primordial hypermagnetic flux required by our mechanism and we provide a measure of the parity breaking by connecting the degree of knottedness of the flux lines to the BAU. We rule out the ordinary axion as a possible candidate for production (around temperatures of the order of the GeV) of {\em magnetic} knots since the produced {\em electromagnetic} helicity is negligible (for cosmological standard) if the initial amplitude of the axion oscillations is of the order of the Peccei-Quinn breaking scale.