标题： 黑洞蒸发的数值分析 显示英文标题

标题： Numerical Analysis of Black Hole Evaporation

摘要： 二维逗号引力中的黑洞形成/蒸发，在物质场数目$N$趋于无穷大的极限下，可以用一组二阶偏微分方程来描述。本文中我们用数值方法求解了这些方程。结果显示，与一些先前的建议相反，黑洞在形成后有限时间内完全蒸发。为了使系统演化到蒸发终点处的裸奇点之后，需要一个边界条件。有人认为，这个边界条件可以自然地选择，以使系统恢复到真空状态。该分析同样适用于低能下由四维极端磁性标量场黑洞对$S$-波费米子的散射。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Black hole formation/evaporation in two-dimensional dilaton gravity can be described, in the limit where the number $N$ of matter fields becomes large, by a set of second-order partial differential equations. In this paper we solve these equations numerically. It is shown that, contrary to some previous suggestions, black holes evaporate completely a finite time after formation. A boundary condition is required to evolve the system beyond the naked singularity at the evaporation endpoint. It is argued that this may be naturally chosen so as to restore the system to the vacuum. The analysis also applies to the low-energy scattering of $S$-wave fermions by four-dimensional extremal, magnetic, dilatonic black holes.