标题： 带电分数化和具有夸克的SU(2) Seiberg-Witten理论中的低能有效作用 显示英文标题

标题： CP, Charge Fractionalizations and Low Energy Effective Actions in the SU(2) Seiberg-Witten Theories with Quarks

摘要： 研究了具有 \$N_f\$ 个夸克超多重态的 SU(2) Seiberg-Witten 模型的若干动力学方面。 我们首先阐明了真空空间奇点数量的意义。 接着研究了理论的 CP 不变量，并得到了 \theta 中带有和不带裸夸克质量的理论周期性（分别为 \$(4-N_f)\pi \$ 和 \pi ）。 在量子修正质量参数空间 (QMS) 的一般点处，CP 非不变性表现为磁单极子和夸克的电荷分数化；我们证明了精确的 Seiberg-Witten 解正确包含了这种效应，与 F. Ferrari 最近基于半经典分析的结果一致。 在 \$N=1\$ 扰动下，奇点处的低能有效理论表现出禁闭现象，并且大多数情况下伴随着手征对称性破缺。 对于 \$N_f=3\$ 的一个真空状态，禁闭未伴随手征对称性破缺：我们将其解释为 't Hooft 斜禁闭的一个例子。 我们进一步通过研究软超对称破缺的影响以及 \$N=1\$ 极限下的理论行为，讨论了这里发现的物理图像的一致性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Several dynamical aspects of the SU(2) Seiberg-Witten models with N_f quark hypermultiplets are explored. We first clarify the meaning of the number of the singularities of the space of vacua. CP invariance of the theories are then studied and periodicities of theories in \theta with and without bare quark masses are obtained ((4-N_f)\pi and \pi, respectively). CP noninvariance at a generic point of QMS manifests itself as the electric and quark-number charge fractionalizations for the dyons; we show that the exact Seiberg-Witten solution contains such effects correctly, in agreement with the semiclassical analysis recently made by F.Ferrari. Upon N=1 perturbation the low energy effective theories at the singularities display confinement, and in most cases chiral symmetry breaking as a consequence. In one of the vacua for N_f=3 confinement is not accompanied by chiral symmetry breaking: we interpret it as an example of oblique confinement of 't Hooft. We discuss further the consistency of the physical picture found here by studying the effects of soft supersymmetry breaking as well as the behavior of the theory in the N=1 limit.