标题： PT对称量子态区分 显示英文标题

标题： PT-symmetric quantum state discrimination

摘要： 假设一个系统处于两种量子态$|\psi_1 > $或$|\psi_2 >$中的一种。如果这些态不是正交的，那么在经典量子力学中，通过一次测量不可能确定性地判断系统处于哪种态。然而，由于非厄米特的 PT 对称哈密顿量决定了适合物理态希尔伯特空间的内积，总是可以选择这个内积使得两个态$|\psi_1 > $和$|\psi_2 > $是正交的。因此，原则上可以通过一次测量实现量子态区分。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Suppose that a system is known to be in one of two quantum states, $|\psi_1 > $ or $|\psi_2 >$. If these states are not orthogonal, then in conventional quantum mechanics it is impossible with one measurement to determine with certainty which state the system is in. However, because a non-Hermitian PT-symmetric Hamiltonian determines the inner product that is appropriate for the Hilbert space of physical states, it is always possible to choose this inner product so that the two states $|\psi_1 > $ and $|\psi_2 > $ are orthogonal. Thus, quantum state discrimination can, in principle, be achieved with a single measurement.