标题： abc：一个用于近似贝叶斯计算（ABC）的R包 显示英文标题

标题： abc: an R package for Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC)

摘要： 许多近期的统计应用涉及复杂模型下的推断，在这些模型中计算似然函数代价高昂，但模拟数据是可行的。 近似贝叶斯计算（ABC）专注于这类复杂模型，因为它通过比较观测数据和模拟数据的汇总统计量来绕过似然函数的计算。 我们介绍了R语言中的abc包，该包实现了多个ABC算法用于参数估计和模型选择。 特别是，最近开发的针对ABC的非线性异方差回归方法已被实现。 abc包还包括一个交叉验证工具，用于衡量ABC估计的准确性，以及在执行模型选择时计算误分类概率。 主要函数附带了适当的摘要和绘图工具。 以人口遗传学数据的群体推断为例，我们展示了R包的潜力。 R已经在生物信息学和生物学的几个领域得到了广泛应用。 R abc包将使ABC算法对大量的R用户可用。 abc是根据GPL许可证提供的免费R包，可以从http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/abc/index.html下载。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Many recent statistical applications involve inference under complex models, where it is computationally prohibitive to calculate likelihoods but possible to simulate data. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) is devoted to these complex models because it bypasses evaluations of the likelihood function using comparisons between observed and simulated summary statistics. We introduce the R abc package that implements several ABC algorithms for performing parameter estimation and model selection. In particular, the recently developed non-linear heteroscedastic regression methods for ABC are implemented. The abc package also includes a cross-validation tool for measuring the accuracy of ABC estimates, and to calculate the misclassification probabilities when performing model selection. The main functions are accompanied by appropriate summary and plotting tools. Considering an example of demographic inference with population genetics data, we show the potential of the R package. R is already widely used in bioinformatics and several fields of biology. The R abc package will make the ABC algorithms available to the large number of R users. abc is a freely available R package under the GPL license, and it can be downloaded at http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/abc/index.html.