标题： 非厄米PT对称光学谐振腔中的量子噪声和模式非正交性 显示英文标题

标题： Quantum noise and mode nonorthogonality in nonhermitian PT-symmetric optical resonators

摘要： PT对称光学谐振腔结合了吸收区域和有源放大区域。 后者是通过自发辐射和受激辐射产生的辐射的来源，这体现了量子噪声，并可能导致激光。 我们计算此类系统的频率分辨输出辐射强度，并将其与合适的过噪声量和模式非正交性度量相关联。 线型取决于发射线是否孤立（对于弱放大、几乎厄米系统）或重叠（对于接近退化共振的近似在自发PT对称性破缺的例外点附近的情况）。 计算是在散射输入-输出形式主义下进行的，并以准一维谐振腔设置为例进行说明。 在我们的推导过程中，我们也允许共振腔中的放大区域和吸收区域不通过对称性相关的情况。 显示英文摘要

摘要： PT-symmetric optical resonators combine absorbing regions with active, amplifying regions. The latter are the source of radiation generated via spontaneous and stimulated emission, which embodies quantum noise and can result in lasing. We calculate the frequency-resolved output radiation intensity of such systems and relate it to a suitable measure of excess noise and mode nonorthogonality. The lineshape differs depending on whether the emission lines are isolated (as for weakly amplifying, almost hermitian systems) or overlapping (as for the almost degenerate resonances in the vicinity of exceptional points associated to spontaneous PT-symmetry breaking). The calculations are carried out in the scattering input-output formalism, and are illustrated for a quasi one-dimensional resonator set-up. In our derivations we also allow for the more general case of a resonator in which the amplifying and absorbing regions are not related by symmetry.