标题： 对对称性的四个方面的反思：物理学如何体现理性思维 显示英文标题

标题： Reflections on the four facets of symmetry: how physics exemplifies rational thinking

摘要： 在当代理论物理中，对称性的强大概念代表着一系列复杂的含义，其中我识别出四个与变换、理解、不变性和投影概念相关的集群。 尽管它们之间的相互关系被仔细研究，但这四个对称性的方面依次被详细审视。 这种分解使我们能够仔细考察对称性在物理学许多地方所扮演的多种不同角色。 此外，为了表明对称性也可以是这些领域中的一个组织原则，提出了与其他学科如神经生物学、认识论、认知科学以及哲学的某些联系。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In contemporary theoretical physics, the powerful notion of symmetry stands for a web of intricate meanings among which I identify four clusters associated with the notion of transformation, comprehension, invariance and projection. While their interrelations are examined closely, these four facets of symmetry are scrutinised one after the other in great detail. This decomposition allows us to examine closely the multiple different roles symmetry plays in many places in physics. Furthermore, some connections with others disciplines like neurobiology, epistemology, cognitive sciences and, not least, philosophy are proposed in an attempt to show that symmetry can be an organising principle also in these fields.