标题： 用于低温和高磁场应用的伽马射线和X射线探测器 显示英文标题

标题： A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications

摘要： 作为一项测量自由中子β衰变中发射的光子谱的实验的一部分，我们开发并操作了一个由12个锗酸铋（BGO）晶体耦合到雪崩光电二极管（APDs）的探测器。 探测器在超导磁体的孔中接近液氮温度运行，并记录了能量从5 keV到1000 keV的光子。 为了扩大检测范围，我们还用三个大面积APDs直接检测了能量在0.2 keV到20 keV之间的软X射线。 介绍了探测器的构造和操作，以及APDs在低温下操作的信息。 显示英文摘要

摘要： As part of an experiment to measure the spectrum of photons emitted in beta-decay of the free neutron, we developed and operated a detector consisting of 12 bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals coupled to avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The detector was operated near liquid nitrogen temperature in the bore of a superconducting magnet and registered photons with energies from 5 keV to 1000 keV. To enlarge the detection range, we also directly detected soft X-rays with energies between 0.2 keV and 20 keV with three large area APDs. The construction and operation of the detector is presented, as well as information on operation of APDs at cryogenic temperatures.