标题： 神经系统中基于髓鞘的天然电磁波导结构 显示英文标题

标题： Natural electromagnetic waveguide structures based on myelin sheath in the neural system

摘要： 跳跃性传导动作电位在有髓轴突上通常通过局部电路离子电流流动的机制来解释，这些电流在Ranvier结之间流动。 在这种框架下，最多有100层膜的髓鞘仅作为绝缘层。 在有髓轴突上动作电位的速度测量可达100米/秒，但在1伏特/米的电场中，离子在流体中的移动速度仅为100纳米/秒。 我们在这里表明，以电磁（EM）脉冲形式的动作电位可以在由髓鞘与流体结合形成的天然电磁波导结构中传播。 传播时间主要花费在Ranvier结处触发EM脉冲的持续时间上。 结果清楚地揭示了轴突从无髓到有髓的进化过程，这通过增加髓鞘的厚度显著提高了传导效率。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The saltatory propagation of action potentials on myelinated axons is conventionally explained by the mechanism employing local circuit ionic current flows between nodes of Ranvier. Under this framework, the myelin sheath with up to 100 layers of membrane only serves as the insulating shell. The speed of action potentials is measured to be as fast as 100 m/s on myelinated axons, but ions move in fluids at just 100 nm/s in a 1 V/m electric field. We show here the action potentials, in the form of electromagnetic (EM) pulses, can propagate in natural EM waveguide structures formed by the myelin sheath merged in fluids. The propagation time is mainly cost on the duration for triggering EM pulses at nodes of Ranvier. The result clearly reveals the evolution of axons from the unmyelinated to the myelinated, which has remarkably enhanced the propagation efficiency by increasing the thickness of myelin sheath.