标题： 实验室基础设施在欧洲XFEL探测器校准和表征中的状态 显示英文标题

标题： Status of the laboratory infrastructure for detector calibration and characterization at the European XFEL

摘要： 欧洲X射线自由电子激光（XFEL.EU）将在0.25到25 keV的能量范围内提供前所未有的峰值亮度和超短且空间相干的X射线脉冲。 脉冲时间结构独特，包含2700个100 fs长度的脉冲，时间间隔为220 ns，随后是一个99.4 ms的间隙。 为了充分利用这种时间结构和能量范围，正在为XFEL.EU开发各种探测器，包括 能够以4.5 MHz的速率检测图像的二维X射线成像相机，在不同工作条件下每像素每脉冲可提供高达10$^5$光子的动态范围，并覆盖广泛的角分辨率范围。 为了表征、调试和校准这些各种探测器以及测试探测器原型，XFEL.EU探测器小组正在建立一个 X射线测试实验室，该实验室允许在与XFEL.EU未来束线条件尽可能相似的实验室光源条件下对探测器进行测试。 共有四个测试环境为探测器测试和校准提供基础设施：两个利用低功率X射线源和放射性同位素的便携式设置，一个使用商用高功率X射线发生器的测试环境，以及一个脉冲X射线/电子源，该源将在XFEL.EU的突发模式下提供最短25 ns的脉冲，并结合不同材料的靶阳极。 测试环境的现状也将被介绍，其中三个已经投入使用，另一个正处于调试阶段，同时还将介绍性能测试和源特性分析的初步结果。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL.EU) will provide unprecedented peak brilliance and ultra-short and spatially coherent X-ray pulses in an energy range of 0.25 to 25 keV . The pulse timing structure is unique with a burst of 2700 pulses of 100 fs length at a temporal distance of 220 ns followed by a 99.4 ms gap. To make optimal use of this timing structure and energy range a great variety of detectors are being developed for use at XFEL.EU, including 2D X-ray imaging cameras that are able to detect images at a rate of 4.5 MHz, provide dynamic ranges up to 10$^5$ photons per pulse per pixel under different operating conditions and covering a large range of angular resolution. In order to characterize, commission and calibrate this variety of detectors and for testing of detector prototypes the XFEL.EU detector group is building up an X-ray test laboratory that allows testing of detectors with X-ray photons under conditions that are as similar to the future beam line conditions at the XFEL.EU as is possible with laboratory sources. A total of four test environments provide the infrastructure for detector tests and calibration: two portable setups that utilize low power X-ray sources and radioactive isotopes, a test environment where a commercial high power X-ray generator is in use, and a pulsed X-ray/electron source which will provide pulses as short as 25 ns in XFEL.EU burst mode combined with target anodes of different materials. The status of the test environments, three of which are already in use while one is in commissioning phase, will be presented as well as first results from performance tests and characterization of the sources.