标题： 探针丝在肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白网络中的非平衡动力学 显示英文标题

标题： Nonequilibrium dynamics of probe filaments in actin-myosin networks

摘要： 细胞的活跃动态过程主要由细胞骨架驱动，细胞骨架是一种复杂且可适应的半柔性聚合物网络，由机械酶驱动。 小尺寸、受限的几何形状和分层结构使得探测此类网络的动力学和力学响应变得具有挑战性。 嵌入的半柔性探针聚合物可以作为非扰动的多尺度探针，用于检测活性聚合物网络中的力分布。 我们在这里展示，由马达产生的力传递到探针聚合物上，会在非平衡弯曲动力学中体现出来，我们通过弹性梁的空间本征模态来分析这种动力学。 我们展示了这些活性力如何在这些模态振幅之间产生相关性，这进一步破坏了时间反演对称性。 这导致了该模态空间中的细致平衡被打破。 我们在马达活动的白噪声极限下推导出模态空间中产生的概率流的大小的解析预测。 我们将这些电流的结构与沿探针聚合物的马达诱导力的空间分布联系起来，并提供了二维超平面上可观测电流的一般关系。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Active dynamic processes of cells are largely driven by the cytoskeleton, a complex and adaptable semiflexible polymer network, motorized by mechanoenzymes. Small dimensions, confined geome- tries and hierarchical structures make it challenging to probe dynamics and mechanical response of such networks. Embedded semiflexible probe polymers can serve as non-perturbing multi-scale probes to detect force distributions in active polymer networks. We show here that motor-induced forces transmitted to the probe polymers are reflected in non-equilibrium bending dynamics, which we analyze in terms of spatial eigenmodes of an elastic beam. We demonstrate how these active forces induce correlations among these mode amplitudes, which furthermore break time-reversal symmetry. This leads to a breaking of detailed balance in this mode space. We derive analytical predictions for the magnitude of resulting probability currents in mode space in the white-noise limit of motor activity. We relate the structure of these currents to the spatial profile of motor- induced forces along the probe polymers and provide a general relation for observable currents on two-dimensional hyperplanes.