标题： 基于石墨烯的超薄膜，具有精确的分子筛分和超快溶剂渗透性 显示英文标题

标题： Ultrathin graphene-based membrane with precise molecular sieving and ultrafast solvent permeation

摘要： 石墨烯氧化物（GO）膜因其独特的分子筛特性结合快速渗透速率而持续受到广泛关注。然而，由于GO膜似乎对有机溶剂不渗透，这种现象尚未完全理解，因此膜的使用主要局限于水溶液。在此，我们报告了通过含有由约10-20微米大尺寸片状材料制成的光滑二维（2D）毛细管的GO层状结构，实现了有机溶液的有效和快速过滤。在不牺牲其筛分特性的情况下，这种膜可以制造得非常薄，达到约10纳米，这使得不仅水，而且有机溶剂都能快速渗透。我们将超薄GO层状结构的有机溶剂渗透和筛分性能归因于随机分布的针孔的存在，这些针孔通过宽度为1纳米的短石墨烯通道相互连接。随着膜厚度的增加，有机溶剂的渗透速率呈指数衰减，但水仍能快速渗透，这与之前的报道一致。通过展示在甲醇中溶解的各种小分子量有机染料的>99.9%截留率，证明了我们的超薄层状结构在有机溶剂纳滤中的应用潜力。我们的工作显著扩展了GO膜在纯化、过滤及相关技术中的应用可能性。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Graphene oxide (GO) membranes continue to attract intense interest due to their unique molecular sieving properties combined with fast permeation rates. However, the membranes' use has been limited mostly to aqueous solutions because GO membranes appear to be impermeable to organic solvents, a phenomenon not fully understood yet. Here, we report efficient and fast filtration of organic solutions through GO laminates containing smooth two-dimensional (2D) capillaries made from flakes with large sizes of ~ 10-20 micron. Without sacrificing their sieving characteristics, such membranes can be made exceptionally thin, down to ~ 10 nm, which translates into fast permeation of not only water but also organic solvents. We attribute the organic solvent permeation and sieving properties of ultrathin GO laminates to the presence of randomly distributed pinholes that are interconnected by short graphene channels with a width of 1 nm. With increasing the membrane thickness, the organic solvent permeation rates decay exponentially but water continues to permeate fast, in agreement with previous reports. The application potential of our ultrathin laminates for organic-solvent nanofiltration is demonstrated by showing >99.9% rejection of various organic dyes with small molecular weights dissolved in methanol. Our work significantly expands possibilities for the use of GO membranes in purification, filtration and related technologies.