标题： 马达加斯加人的起源，一些确定性与一些谜团 显示英文标题

标题： The origins of the Malagasy people, some certainties and a few mysteries

摘要： 马达加斯加语属于南岛语系的更大巴里托东部语群，与马达加斯加方言最接近的语言是马亚安语（加里曼丹），但马来语以及其他印尼语和菲律宾语言也有关联。 非洲血统在马达加斯加人的基因构成中占很高比例（约50%），但在语言中则微不足道。 由于语言上的联系，普遍认为该岛是由印尼水手在一次海上航行后定居的，但具体的日期和登陆地点仍有争议。 目前马达加斯加人50%的印尼血统则指向与马亚安语不同的亚洲血统来源，因此，南岛语系定居者的民族构成也仍存在争议。 在这次演讲中，我主要回顾了Filippo Petroni、Dima Volchenkov、Sören Wichmann和我共同进行的研究，该研究试图为这些问题提供新的见解。 关键点在于应用一种新的定量方法，能够找出语言（或方言）之间的亲缘关系。 还引入了新的技术，以从这些关系中提取关于时间和空间模式的最大信息。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The Malagasy language belongs to the Greater Barito East group of the Austronesian family, the language most closely connected to Malagasy dialects is Maanyan (Kalimantan), but Malay as well other Indonesian and Philippine languages are also related. The African contribution is very high in the Malagasy genetic make-up (about 50%) but negligible in the language. Because of the linguistic link, it is widely accepted that the island was settled by Indonesian sailors after a maritime trek but date and place of landing are still debated. The 50% Indonesian genetic contribution to present Malagasy points in a different direction then Maanyan for the Asian ancestry, therefore, the ethnic composition of the Austronesian settlers is also still debated. In this talk I mainly review the joint research of Filippo Petroni, Dima Volchenkov, S\"oren Wichmann and myself which tries to shed new light on these problems. The key point is the application of a new quantitative methodology which is able to find out the kinship relations among languages (or dialects). New techniques are also introduced in order to extract the maximum information from these relations concerning time and space patterns.