标题： K-shell分解揭示了人类大脑的分层皮质组织 显示英文标题

标题： K-shell decomposition reveals hierarchical cortical organization of the human brain

摘要： 近年来，人们从网络的角度进行了大量尝试来理解人脑。 一个网络框架考虑了系统不同部分之间的关系，并能够检查全局和复杂功能如何从网络拓扑中产生。 先前的研究表明，人脑具有“小世界”特征，且皮层枢纽倾向于相互连接。 然而，为了完全理解枢纽的拓扑结构，需要超越特定枢纽的属性，并检查网络的各种结构层次。 为进一步探讨这一主题，我们应用了一种在统计物理和网络理论中被称为k-shell分解分析的方法。 该分析应用于一个由六名参与者MRI\DSI 数据得出的人类皮层网络。 这种分析使我们能够详细描述皮层连接情况，重点关注皮层上不同互联层的区域。 我们的研究结果表明，人类皮层高度连接且高效，与互联网网络不同，其中没有孤立节点。 皮层网络由一个核心以及连接度逐渐增加的壳层组成，形成了一个连通的大组件。 所有这些组件进一步根据其连接性特征被分为三个层次，每个层次反映了不同的功能角色。 这种模型可能解释信息从最低层次到最高层次的高效流动，每一步都促进了数据整合的增加。 在顶部，最高层次（核心）作为一个全局互联的整体发挥作用，并与与意识相关的区域有高度相关性，这表明核心可能作为意识出现的平台。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In recent years numerous attempts to understand the human brain were undertaken from a network point of view. A network framework takes into account the relationships between the different parts of the system and enables to examine how global and complex functions might emerge from network topology. Previous work revealed that the human brain features 'small world' characteristics and that cortical hubs tend to interconnect among themselves. However, in order to fully understand the topological structure of hubs one needs to go beyond the properties of a specific hub and examine the various structural layers of the network. To address this topic further, we applied an analysis known in statistical physics and network theory as k-shell decomposition analysis. The analysis was applied on a human cortical network, derived from MRI\DSI data of six participants. Such analysis enables us to portray a detailed account of cortical connectivity focusing on different neighborhoods of interconnected layers across the cortex. Our findings reveal that the human cortex is highly connected and efficient, and unlike the internet network contains no isolated nodes. The cortical network is comprised of a nucleus alongside shells of increasing connectivity that formed one connected giant component. All these components were further categorized into three hierarchies in accordance with their connectivity profile, with each hierarchy reflecting different functional roles. Such a model may explain an efficient flow of information from the lowest hierarchy to the highest one, with each step enabling increased data integration. At the top, the highest hierarchy (the nucleus) serves as a global interconnected collective and demonstrates high correlation with consciousness related regions, suggesting that the nucleus might serve as a platform for consciousness to emerge.