标题： 用于探测器校准的可编程增益波形数字化仪器的设计 显示英文标题

标题： Design of a Programmable Gain Waveform Digitization Instrument for Detector Calibration

摘要： 为了测试和校准核物理和高能物理实验中的各种探测器，开发了一种通用的校准仪器。 通过放大和数字化信号波形，可以直接获得包括信号的时间、幅度和电荷在内的所有信息，从而校准探测器。 该系统由两部分组成，一个大动态范围的前置放大模块和一个高速高分辨率的数字化模块。 基于可编程增益放大器和衰减器的前置放大模块实现了从-26.2 dB到24.4 dB的增益，使其适用于不同的探测器。 利用高速高分辨率模数转换器（ADC），波形数字化模块以12位分辨率和高达每秒3.6吉赫兹采样率（GSPS）对信号进行采样。 为了评估该仪器的特性，安装了一个电子测试平台，并且测试结果表明，在直流（DC）到450 MHz的带宽范围内，高增益设置下的有效位数（ENOB）高于7位，低增益设置下为5.8位，这表明它在探测器校准方面具有广泛的应用前景。 显示英文摘要

摘要： To test and calibrate various detectors in nuclear and high energy physics experiments, a general purposed calibration instrument has been developed. All information including timing, amplitude and charge of signals can be directly obtained to calibrate detector with this instrument by amplifying and digitizing the signal waveform. The system consists of two parts, a large dynamic range pre-amplifier module and a high speed and high-resolution digitization module. The pre-amplifier module based on programmable gain amplifier and attenuator achieves gain from -26.2 dB to 24.4 dB, making it suitable to adapt to different detectors. Taking advantage of high speed and high-resolution analog-to-digit converter (ADC), the waveform digitization module samples the signal after conditioning with 12 bits resolution and up to 3.6 giga hertz samples per second (GSPS). To evaluate the feature of this instrument, an electronics testbench platform was installed and test results showed a bandwidth from direct current (DC) to 450 MHz and the effective number of bits (ENOB) is above 7 bits in high gain set and 5.8 bits in low gain set in the bandwidth range, which indicated that it had broad application prospect in detector calibration.