标题： 中微子的第三家族 显示英文标题

标题： The third family of neutrinos

摘要： 本文回顾了从1977年符号"$\nu_{\tau}$"出现开始的24年，直到2000年观察到tau中微子与物质的相互作用。中性粒子在tau衰变中是中微子这一事实已在1979年得到证明；作为tau轻子的同位旋伙伴的第三个中微子$\nu_{\tau}$的存在在1981-1986年被确定；1989年证明已知的轻活性中微子数量是闭合的（$\nu_e, \nu_{\mu},\nu_{\tau}$）；在2000年前，$\nu_{\tau}$的性质已在$e^+e^-$和$p\bar{p}$对撞机实验中被精确确定。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This paper retraces the 24 years starting with the appearance of the symbol "$\nu_{\tau}$" in 1977, until the observation of tau neutrino interactions with matter in 2000. The fact that the neutral particle present in tau decays was a neutrino was demonstrated by 1979; its existence as the third neutrino $\nu_{\tau}$, iso-spin partner of the tau lepton, was definitely established in 1981-1986; it was demonstrated that the number of light active neutrinos is closed with the known ones ($\nu_e, \nu_{\mu},\nu_{\tau}$) in 1989; before 2000 the $\nu_{\tau}$ properties had been precisely determined in $e^+e^-$ and $p\bar{p}$ collider experiments.