标题： 格点量子色动力学在寻找基本对称性破坏和新物理信号中的作用 显示英文标题

标题： The Role of Lattice QCD in Searches for Violations of Fundamental Symmetries and Signals for New Physics

摘要： 这份文件是来自USQCD合作组织的一系列白皮书之一。在这里，我们讨论了格点量子色动力学（LQCD）在基本对称性和新物理信号研究前沿的机会。LQCD与有效场论和核多体研究相结合，为正在进行和计划中的实验项目提供了理论支持，这些项目包括寻找核子、原子核和原子的电偶极矩、质子衰变、$n$-$\overline{n}$振荡、无中微子双$\beta$衰变、μ子到电子转换、核子和原子核弱衰变的精密测量、同位素移位光谱的精密测量，以及使用核靶直接探测暗物质的实验。 本文档详细介绍了USQCD合作组织中LQCD项目在基本对称性领域的目标，确定了可以在未来五年内解决的重点，并阐述了LQCD研究在数值和分析前沿可能需要高度创新的领域。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This document is one of a series of whitepapers from the USQCD collaboration. Here, we discuss opportunities for Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (LQCD) in the research frontier in fundamental symmetries and signals for new physics. LQCD, in synergy with effective field theories and nuclear many-body studies, provides theoretical support to ongoing and planned experimental programs in searches for electric dipole moments of the nucleon, nuclei and atoms, decay of the proton, $n$-$\overline{n}$ oscillations, neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay of a nucleus, conversion of muon to electron, precision measurements of weak decays of the nucleon and of nuclei, precision isotope-shift spectroscopy, as well as direct dark matter detection experiments using nuclear targets. This whitepaper details the objectives of the LQCD program in the area of Fundamental Symmetries within the USQCD collaboration, identifies priorities that can be addressed within the next five years, and elaborates on the areas that will likely demand a high degree of innovation in both numerical and analytical frontiers of the LQCD research.