标题： 强耦合QCD中的手征非对称相互作用 显示英文标题

标题： Chiral Nonsymmetric Interaction in Strong Coupled QCD

摘要： 手征对称性在无质量QCD中被认为被自发地打破。 我们讨论一种可能性，即手征对称性被QCD单极子显式地打破，这些单极子仅在强耦合QCD中出现。 也就是说，单极子夸克相互作用显式地打破了手征对称性（SU$_A(2)\times $U$_A$(1)），就像裸夸克质量项一样。 我们表明，这种相互作用的强度大约比标准强相互作用小$10$倍。 我们将它描述为一个有效相互作用$g'\bar{q}q\Phi^{\dagger}\Phi$，其中单极子场$\Phi$和$g'$的量级约为$(10\rm \,GeV)^{-1}$或更小。 当单极子凝聚时，它产生小于$1$MeV 的小组成夸克质量 ($\langle\Phi\rangle\neq 0 $)。 我们研究这种弱但显式的对称性破缺相互作用允许的程度。 特别是，通过检查 Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner 关系，我们发现这种微小的对称性破缺项在目前格点规范模拟的精度范围内仍然是允许的。 我们预测由手征不对称的单极子夸克相互作用引起的某些现象学效应。 夸克禁闭和手征凝聚 ($\langle\bar{q}q\rangle\neq 0$) 同时出现。 由单极子引起的凝聚$\langle\bar{q}q\rangle$与单极子密度成正比，并估计为$(-\langle\bar{q}q\rangle)^{1/3}\sim 160$MeV。 弱的单极子夸克相互作用导致可观测单极子衰变为强子的小衰变宽度。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Chiral symmetry in massless QCD is believed to be broken spontaneously. We discuss a possibility that the chiral symmetry is explicitly broken by QCD monopoles which appear only in strong coupled QCD. Namely, the monopole quark interaction explicitly breaks the chiral symmetry ( SU$_A(2)\times $U$_A$(1) ) just like bare quark mass terms. We show that the strength of the interaction is roughly $10$ times smaller than standard strong interactions. We describe it as an effective interaction $g'\bar{q}q\Phi^{\dagger}\Phi$ with the monopole field $\Phi$ and $g'$ being of the order of $(10\rm \,GeV)^{-1}$ or less. It produces small constituent quark masses less than $1$MeV when the monopoles condense ( $\langle\Phi\rangle\neq 0 $ ). We examine to what extent such a weak but explicit symmetry breaking interaction is allowed. In particular, examining Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation we find that the presence of such a small symmetry breaking term is still allowed within the present accuracy of lattice gauge simulations. We predict some phenomenological effects caused by the chiral nonsymmetric monopole quark interaction. Quark confinement and chiral condensate ( $\langle\bar{q}q\rangle\neq 0$ ) arise simultaneously. The condensate $\langle\bar{q}q\rangle$ caused by the monopoles is proportional to monopole density and is estimated such that $(-\langle\bar{q}q\rangle)^{1/3}\sim 160$MeV. The weak monopole quark interaction leads to the small decay width of an observable monopole to hadrons.