标题： $S$-德西特矩阵和异常 显示英文标题

标题： $S$-Matrix and Anomaly of de Sitter

摘要： $S$矩阵形式的引力排除了德西特真空。 特别是，这与弦理论密切相关。 $S$矩阵约束由与引力和/或弦耦合的倒数成比例的异常量子破缺时间强制执行。 因此，德西特真空只有在使引力子和闭弦$S$矩阵退化的情况下才能满足有效真空的条件。 在非零引力和弦耦合下，德西特被粒子态$1/N$效应所扰动，类似于 QCD 中具有$N$种颜色的维滕-韦内齐亚诺机制。 在这种图景中，如弦理论中的$S$矩阵形式的爱因斯坦引力，消除了一个突出的宇宙学谜题。 我们讨论了可能的观测特征，这些特征在具有大量粒子种类的理论中尤其有趣。 即使标准暴胀涨落可以忽略不计，粒子种类也可以增强原初量子印记到可观察的水平。 显示英文摘要

摘要： $S$-matrix formulation of gravity excludes de Sitter vacua. In particular, this is organic to string theory. The $S$-matrix constraint is enforced by an anomalous quantum break-time proportional to the inverse values of gravitational and/or string couplings. Due to this, de Sitter can satisfy the conditions for a valid vacuum only at the expense of trivializing the graviton and closed-string $S$-matrixes. At non-zero gravitational and string couplings, de Sitter is deformed by corpuscular $1/N$ effects, similarly to Witten-Veneziano mechanism in QCD with $N$ colors. In this picture, an $S$-matrix formulation of Einstein gravity, such as string theory, nullifies an outstanding cosmological puzzle. We discuss possible observational signatures which are especially interesting in theories with large number of particle species. Species can enhance the primordial quantum imprints to potentially observable level even if the standard inflaton fluctuations are negligible.