标题： 结构形成范式与轴子夸克核暗物质模型 显示英文标题

标题： Structure Formation Paradigm and Axion Quark Nugget dark matter model

摘要： 我们提倡一种观点，即由标准模型中的夸克和胶子组成的“非重子”暗物质（类似于Witten提出的奇异团块的想法）可能在结构形成中起关键作用。 相应的宏观大尺度物体，被称为轴子夸克团块（AQN），表现为{\it 变色龙}：它们在稀疏环境中不与周围物质相互作用，但在足够密集的环境中则成为强相互作用的物体。 AQN 模型很久以前就被提出，其唯一目的是解释可见物质和暗物质成分之间的相似性 $\Omega_{\rm DM}\sim \Omega_{\rm visible}$。 这一关系代表了该框架的一个非常普遍的特征，不受构造中任何参数的影响。 我们认为，强烈的可见物质-暗物质相互作用可能会极大地改变小尺度上的常规结构形成模式，从而有助于解决近年来活跃研究和争论的各种相互关联的问题（如核心-密度问题等）。 我们还认为，小尺度上的相同可见物质-暗物质相互作用总是伴随着宽带弥散辐射。 我们推测，最近通过詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）在高红移和通过 GALEX 在我们银河系中观测到的紫外线发射过剩可能是这种由 AQN 引发的辐射的直接表现。 我们还推测，相同的能量注入源可能有助于解决另一个长期存在的问题，即星系际背景光（EBL）在许多频段（从紫外线到光学、红外线和无线电发射）中已知的不一致现象。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We advocate an idea that ``non-baryonic" dark matter in form of nuggets made of standard model quarks and gluons (similar to the old idea of the Witten's strangelets) could play a crucial role in structure formation. The corresponding macroscopically large objects, which are called the axion quark nuggets (AQN) behave as {\it chameleons}: they do not interact with the surrounding material in dilute environment, but they become strongly interacting objects in sufficiently dense environment. The AQN model was invented long ago with a single motivation to explain the observed similarity $\Omega_{\rm DM}\sim \Omega_{\rm visible}$ between visible and DM components. This relation represents a very generic feature of this framework, not sensitive to any parameters of the construction. We argue that the strong visible-DM interaction may dramatically modify the conventional structure formation pattern at small scales to contribute to a resolution of a variety of interconnected problems (such as Core-Cusp problem, etc) which have been a matter of active research and debates in recent years. We also argue that the same visible-DM interaction at small scales is always accompanied by a broad band diffuse radiation. We speculate that the recently observed excesses of the UV emission by JWST at high redshifts and by GALEX in our own galaxy might be a direct manifestation of this AQN-induced radiation. We also speculate that the very same source of energy injection could contribute to the resolution of another long standing problem related to the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) with known discrepancies in many frequency bands (from UV to optical, IR light and radio emissions).