标题： 强力与暗物质领域相遇：反物质暗物质搜索中QCD不确定性的稳健估计 显示英文标题

标题： The Strong Force meets the Dark Sector: a robust estimate of QCD uncertainties for anti-matter dark matter searches

摘要： 在暗物质湮灭到强子终态的通道中，通过包括QED/QCD辐射、强子化和强子衰变等复杂现象序列，会产生稳定的粒子——如正电子、光子、反质子和反中微子。这些过程通常由蒙特卡洛事件生成器进行建模，其有限的准确性意味着对间接探测实验（如Fermi-LAT、Pamela、IceCube或AMS-02）的预测存在固有的QCD不确定性。在本文中，我们基于Pythia 8事件生成器的参数变化，对暗物质湮灭产生的反物质谱中的QCD不确定性进行了全面分析。在对轻夸克碎片化函数进行多次重新校准后，我们定义了一组变化，这些变化涵盖了QCD不确定性的保守估计。我们估算了不同湮灭通道和终态粒子种类对反物质谱的影响，并讨论了它们对暗物质质量及热平均湮灭截面拟合值的影响。我们发现这些影响非常显著，对于暗物质质量的不确定性可高达$\mathcal{O}(40)$GeV，对于湮灭截面的不确定性可高达$\mathcal{O}(10\%)$。我们以表格形式提供了包含QCD不确定性的谱，并提供了代码片段以快速进行暗物质拟合，详见此仓库https://github.com/ajueid/qcd-dm.github.io.git。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In dark-matter annihilation channels to hadronic final states, stable particles -- such as positrons, photons, antiprotons, and antineutrinos -- are produced via complex sequences of phenomena including QED/QCD radiation, hadronisation, and hadron decays. These processes are normally modelled by Monte Carlo event generators whose limited accuracy imply intrinsic QCD uncertainties on the predictions for indirect-detection experiments like Fermi-LAT, Pamela, IceCube or AMS-02. In this article, we perform a complete analysis of QCD uncertainties in antimatter spectra from dark-matter annihilation, based on parametric variations of the Pythia 8 event generator. After performing several retunings of light-quark fragmentation functions, we define a set of variations that span a conservative estimate of the QCD uncertainties. We estimate the effects on antimatter spectra for various annihilation channels and final-state particle species, and discuss their impact on fitted values for the dark-matter mass and thermally-averaged annihilation cross section. We find dramatic impacts which can go up to $\mathcal{O}(40)$ GeV for uncertainties on the dark-matter mass and up to $\mathcal{O}(10\%)$ for the annihilation cross section. We provide the spectra in tabulated form including QCD uncertainties and code snippets to perform fast dark-matter fits, in this https://github.com/ajueid/qcd-dm.github.io.git repository.