标题： 多极矢量暗物质低于GeV尺度 显示英文标题

标题： Multipole vector dark matter below the GeV-scale

摘要： 我们考虑在GeV质量尺度以下的电中性复杂矢量粒子$V$，从低能观点来看，它们通过高维形式因子相互作用与光子耦合。 我们通过考虑太阳、水平分支和红巨星以及SN1987A中的矢量对产生引起的异常能量损失，推导出相应的天体物理约束。 在假设暗态$V$构成暗物质的前提下，这些约束进一步由直接探测、间接探测以及宇宙学限制进行补充。 还计算了冻结机制和冻结注入机制的剩余密度。 基于一个实现所考虑有效耦合的紫外完备模型，我们还讨论了受约束参数空间的自然性，并对$V$的零质量极限进行了分析。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We consider electrically neutral complex vector particles $V$ below the GeV mass scale that, from a low energy perspective, couple to the photon via higher dimensional form factor interactions. We derive ensuing astrophysical constraints by considering the anomalous energy loss from the Sun, Horizontal Branch, and Red Giant stars as well as from SN1987A that arise from vector pair-production in these environments. Under the assumption that the dark states $V$ constitute dark matter, the bounds are then complemented by direct and indirect detection as well as cosmological limits. The relic density from freeze-out and freeze-in mechanisms is also computed. On the basis of a UV-complete model that realizes the considered effective couplings, we also discuss the naturalness of the constrained parameter space, and provide an analysis of the zero mass limit of $V$.