标题： 更新的横向单自旋不对称性的数值研究——来自 lepton-核子碰撞中的单举 pion 产生 显示英文标题

标题： Updated numerical study of transverse single-spin asymmetries in single-inclusive pion production from lepton-nucleon collisions

摘要： 我们重新审视了横纵向单自旋不对称性的分析$A_N$，即在电子-核子散射中，最终态仅检测到一个π介子$\ell\,N^\uparrow\to h\, X$的情况。这一可观测量是电子-离子对撞机（EIC）在质子-质子碰撞中$A_N$的类似物，后者$p^\uparrow p\to h\,X$已被研究了几十年，特别是在相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）上。 我们纳入了在collinear twist-3框架下新的理论发展，并利用最近提取的（类似于Sivers和Collins的）夸克-胶子-夸克关联函数进行了数值计算。 我们将我们的计算结果与HERMES的测量数据进行比较，并对杰斐逊实验室、COMPASS以及EIC的动量范围作出预测。 我们进一步探讨了次领头阶（NLO）修正对（twist-2）非极化截面（$A_N$的分母）的影响，并考虑了可以从该过程的完整NLO计算中$A_N$中推断出的潜在经验意义。 我们考虑了预测中的理论不确定性来源，这些来源为未来的测量提供了改进我们对$A_N$和强子中多部分子关联理解的机会。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We revisit the analysis of transverse single-spin asymmetries $A_N$ in lepton-nucleon scattering where only a single pion is detected in the final state, $\ell\,N^\uparrow\to h\, X$. This observable is the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) analogue to $A_N$ in proton-proton collisions, $p^\uparrow p\to h\,X$, that has been studied intensely for decades, especially at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We incorporate new theoretical developments in the collinear twist-3 framework and utilize recent extractions of (Sivers-like and Collins-like) quark-gluon-quark correlators in the numerical computations. We compare our calculations to HERMES measurements as well as make predictions for Jefferson Lab, COMPASS, and EIC kinematics. We further explore the role of next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the (twist-2) unpolarized cross section (denominator of $A_N$) and consider what can be deduced empirically about the potential numerical significance of the full NLO calculation of $A_N$ in this process. We consider sources of theoretical uncertainty in our predictions, which present potential opportunities then for future measurements to improve our understanding of $A_N$ and multi-parton correlations in hadrons.