标题： 评估认知和神经心理学评估——全面综述 显示英文标题

标题： Evaluating Cognitive and Neuropsychological Assessments -- A Comprehensive Review

摘要： 认知功能障碍在老年人中是一个重要的公共卫生问题，需要准确的诊断和监测策略。 在本研究中，探讨了用于诊断和长期观察老年人认知缺陷的主要认知和神经心理学评估方法。 对包括简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、数字符号替代测试（DSST）、蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）和连线测试（TMT）在内的工具进行了分析性回顾。 此次审查涵盖了对每个工具的方法学、有效性、优点和局限性的评估。 目的是增强对这些评估的理解，以实现阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍等状况的早期识别和有效管理，从而促进老年群体认知健康的发展。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Cognitive impairments in older adults represent a significant public health concern, necessitating accurate diagnostic and monitoring strategies. In this study, the principal cognitive and neuropsychological evaluations employed for the diagnosis and longitudinal observation of cognitive deficits in the elderly are investigated. An analytical review of instruments including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Trail Making Test (TMT) is conducted. This examination encompasses an assessment of each instrument's methodology, efficacy, advantages, and limitations. The objective is to enhance comprehension of these assessments for the early identification and effective management of conditions such as dementia and mild cognitive impairment, thereby contributing to the advancement of cognitive health within the geriatric population.