标题： 由温暖视界引起的退相干 显示英文标题

标题： Decoherence by warm horizons

摘要： 最近，Danielson、Satishchandran 和 Wald（DSW）证明了在 Killing 视界之外的量子叠加态将以恒定速率退相干。 这是由于软光子（引力子）的不可避免辐射，在视界上留下了电磁（引力）“路径”记忆。 除了诉诸于这种全局描述外，实验者也应该有一个关于退相干原因的局部描述。 人们可能会直觉地猜测，这仅仅是霍金/厄克特辐射对系统的轰击，然而简单的计算挑战了这一观点——在一个有限温度的惯性实验室中保持的相同叠加态不会以 DSW 的速率退相干。 在这项工作中，我们通过将 DSW 的设置映射到一个类似于厄克特-德维特粒子探测器的世界线局部化模型，提供了退相干的局部描述。 我们提出了一种基于随机局部力的解释，这些力在长时间内不足以自我平均。 使用 Rindler 视界作为一个具体例子，我们阐明了温度的关键作用，并表明厄克特效应是这些随机力背后的唯一量子力学效应。 一个普遍的教训是，对于在中心系统上引起欧姆摩擦的环境（如在加速参考系中从经典 Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac 力得到的），涨落-耗散定理意味着当该环境处于有限温度时，它会在中心系统上引起稳定的退相干。 我们的结果与 DSW 一致，并提供了互补的局部视角。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Recently Danielson, Satishchandran, and Wald (DSW) have shown that quantum superpositions held outside of Killing horizons will decohere at a steady rate. This occurs because of the inevitable radiation of soft photons (gravitons), which imprint a electromagnetic (gravitational) ``which-path'' memory onto the horizon. Rather than appealing to this global description, an experimenter ought to also have a local description for the cause of decoherence. One might intuitively guess that this is just the bombardment of Hawking/Unruh radiation on the system, however simple calculations challenge this idea -- the same superposition held in a finite temperature inertial laboratory does not decohere at the DSW rate. In this work we provide a local description of the decoherence by mapping the DSW set-up onto a worldline-localized model resembling an Unruh-DeWitt particle detector. We present an interpretation in terms of random local forces which do not sufficiently self-average over long times. Using the Rindler horizon as a concrete example we clarify the crucial role of temperature, and show that the Unruh effect is the only quantum mechanical effect underlying these random forces. A general lesson is that for an environment which induces Ohmic friction on the central system (as one gets from the classical Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac force, in an accelerating frame) the fluctuation-dissipation theorem implies that when this environment is at finite temperature it will cause steady decoherence on the central system. Our results agree with DSW and provide the complementary local perspective.