标题： 无穷远与视界：通量和荷的新方法 显示英文标题

标题： Null Infinity and Horizons: A New Approach to Fluxes and Charges

摘要： 我们引入了一个哈密顿框架，专门用于定义场论的自由度（DOF），这些自由度位于合适的三维开区域中，然后将其应用于广义相对论中的引力自由度。 具体来说，这些自由度现在指的是指无界无穷远处和黑洞（以及宇宙学）视界的开区域，这些视界代表了平衡情况。 在无界无穷远处，新的哈密顿框架给出了众所周知的BMS流和电荷。 相比之下，在黑洞（以及宇宙学）视界处所有流都物理上预期的那样完全消失。 在一篇相关的论文中，我们展示了这两个物理构型的几何结构和对称性意外地源自一个共同的框架。 本文进一步强化了这一主题：由于自由度的本质不同，在两种情况下从一个共同的哈密顿框架中产生了非常不同的物理学。 最后，我们将这种哈密顿方法与文献中现有的方法进行了比较和对比。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We introduce a Hamiltonian framework tailored to degrees of freedom (DOF) of field theories that reside in suitable 3-dimensional open regions, and then apply it to the gravitational DOF of general relativity. Specifically, these DOF now refer to open regions of null infinity, and of black hole (and cosmological) horizons representing equilibrium situations. At null infinity the new Hamiltonian framework yields the well-known BMS fluxes and charges. By contrast, all fluxes vanish identically at black hole (and cosmological) horizons just as one would physically expect. In a companion paper we showed that, somewhat surprisingly, the geometry and symmetries of these two physical configurations descend from a common framework. This paper reinforces that theme: Very different physics emerges in the two cases from a common Hamiltonian framework because of the difference in the nature of degrees of freedom. Finally, we compare and contrast this Hamiltonian approach with those available in the literature.