标题： 基于球面弯曲晶体分析器的X射线Rowland圆不对称操作的光线追踪调查 显示英文标题

标题： A Ray Tracing Survey of Asymmetric Operation of the X-ray Rowland Circle Using Spherically Bent Crystal Analyzers

摘要： 球面弯曲晶体分析仪（SBCA）是一种广泛采用的硬X射线光学元件，以其良好的能量分辨率和大的收集立体角而闻名。它常用于同步辐射技术，如共振非弹性X射线散射（RIXS）和X射线发射光谱，以及实验室X射线吸收精细结构（XAFS）和XES的复兴，其主要应用是在Rowland圆上的“对称”操作。Gironda等人最近的研究（J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2024, 39, 1375）强调了“非对称”SBCA操作的优势，展示了使用单个SBCA的多个晶体反射来扩展其可访问的能量范围。此外，Gironda等人证明，非对称操作通常可以减轻Johann光学系统固有的能量展宽，并提出在特定的Rowland圆配置下，称为Johann正常对准（JNA），这种展宽可以完全消除。我们进行了广泛的光线追踪模拟，以仔细研究非对称配置对能量展宽和探测器平面离焦的影响。我们发现，当不使用分析器遮罩时，非对称SBCA操作的性能通常优于其对称版本，并且通过战略性探测器放置，可以最小化因离焦导致的检测效率下降。光谱成像受到探测器平面模糊的不利影响，但在X射线拉曼成像中仍可以实现对特殊环境窗口散射的排斥。这些结果有助于未来更常见的SBCA非对称反射的应用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The spherically bent crystal analyzer (SBCA) is a widely-adopted hard x-ray optic, renowned for its good energy resolution and large collection solid angle. It is frequently employed in synchrotron-based techniques like Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) and X-ray Emission Spectroscopy, as well as in the rebirth of laboratory-based X-ray Absorption Fine Strucure (XAFS) and XES, and its predominant use has been in 'symmetric' operation on the Rowland circle. The recent study of Gironda et al. (J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2024, 39, 1375) emphasizes the benefits of 'asymmetric' SBCA operation, demonstrating the use of multiple crystal reflections from a single SBCA to broaden its accessible energy range. Furthermore, Gironda et al. demonstrate that asymmetric operation frequently mitigates energy broadening intrinsic to Johann optics and propose that under a specific Rowland circle configuration, designated here the Johann Normal Alignment (JNA), such broadening is eradicated altogether. We report extensive ray tracing simulations to scrutinize the impact of asymmetric configurations on energy broadening and detector plane defocusing. We find that the performance of asymmetric SBCA operation generally exceeds its symmetric counterpart in energy resolution when no analyzer masking is used and, with strategic detector placement, the decrease in detection efficiency due to defocusing can be minimized. Spectroscopic imaging is adversely affected by the detector plane blurring, but rejection of scattering from special environment windows in x-ray Raman imaging is still feasible. These results help inform future, more common implementation of asymmetric reflections with SBCA.