标题： 全息理论中的宇宙拓扑缺陷 显示英文标题

标题： Cosmic Topological Defects from Holography

摘要： 这项工作研究了规范理论中的宇宙拓扑缺陷，重点研究具有 $SU(N)$ 规范群并与单个味耦合的模型，通过全息框架进行探索。 在低能下，有效理论由轴子样粒子描述，该粒子来源于轴向 $U(1)_A$ 味对称性的自发破缺。 当宇宙温度降至临界温度以下时，手征对称性被打破，形成非平凡的真空构型，导致宇宙弦和域壁的产生。 我们提供了一个特定全息理论中这些缺陷的紫外描述，即Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto模型中的探测D6-膜。 我们展示了存在一个一阶相变，将弦环与域壁解分隔开。 在重子对称性下带电并具有角动量的弦环——涡旋子——可以被理解为由生活在D6-膜世界体积上的陈-西蒙斯理论给出的物质拓扑相的激发态。 最后，我们以位于味膜上的自由度，即介子模式来描述弦环和涡旋子的有效描述。 显示英文摘要

摘要： This work investigates cosmic topological defects in gauge theories, focusing on models with an $SU(N)$ gauge group coupled with a single flavor, explored through a holographic framework. At low energies, the effective theory is described by an axion-like particle resulting from the spontaneous breaking of the axial $U(1)_A$ flavor symmetry. As the Universe cools below a critical temperature, the chiral symmetry is broken, and non-trivial vacuum configurations form, resulting in the creation of cosmic strings and domain walls. We provide a UV description of these defects in a particular holographic theory, the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model, as probe D6-branes. We show the presence of a first-order phase transition separating string loop from domain wall solutions. String loops charged under the baryon symmetry and with angular momentum - vortons - can be understood as excitations of a topological phase of matter given by a Chern-Simons theory living on the D6-brane world volume. Finally, we provide an effective description of string loops and vortons in terms of degrees of freedom living on the flavor brane, i.e. mesonic modes.