标题： ALICE FoCal中ALPIDE像素层的预期性能 显示英文标题

标题： Expected performance of the ALPIDE pixel layers in ALICE FoCal

摘要： ALICE 实验旨在研究大型强子对撞机 (LHC) 上的超高能重离子碰撞。作为其第四轮运行的主要升级计划的一部分，在长停机 3 (LS3) 期间将安装前向量能器 (FoCal)。FoCal 能够精确测量前向快度区域内直接光子的产生，从而灵敏探测质子和原子核中的胶子分布。本文介绍了前向电磁量能器 (FoCal-E) 的预期性能，并提出了几种可能的策略来缓解 FoCal-E 像素层中占用率和 BUSY 违规挑战。束流测试结果表明，背栅偏置可以有效降低像素占用率。同时，SystemC 模拟探索了额外的缓解策略——如网格屏蔽和区域触发器——以进一步最小化 BUSY 违规并提高高亮度条件下的探测器性能。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The ALICE experiment is designed to study ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). As part of its major upgrades for Run 4, the Forward Calorimeter (FoCal) will be installed during Long Shutdown 3 (LS3). FoCal enables precise measurements of direct photon production at forward rapidity, providing a sensitive probe of the gluon distribution in protons and nuclei. This paper introduces the expected performance of the forward electromagnetic calorimeter (FoCal-E) and presents several potential strategies for mitigating occupancy and BUSY violation challenges in the pixel layers of FoCal-E. Beam test results demonstrate that back biasing effectively reduces pixel occupancy. Meanwhile, SystemC simulations explore additional mitigation strategies-such as grid masking and a regional trigger-to further minimize BUSY violations and enhance detector performance under high-luminosity conditions.