标题： 因子化广义钉扎场的缺陷 显示英文标题

标题： Factorizing Defects from Generalized Pinning Fields

摘要： 我们在共形场论中引入广义钉扎场，这些场模型化了大距离下的大量临界杂质，丰富了熟悉的普适类。 我们提供了此类缺陷的严格定义，即希尔伯特空间上的某些无界算子，并证明当它们插入到余维一曲面上时，会将时空分解为两半。 分解通道进一步受到体内的对称性约束。 作为推论，我们在二维极小模型中解决了此类临界杂质，并建立了之前在三维 ${\rm O}(N)$ 模型中观察到的局部质量变形的分解现象。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We introduce generalized pinning fields in conformal field theory that model a large class of critical impurities at large distance, enriching the familiar universality classes. We provide a rigorous definition of such defects as certain unbounded operators on the Hilbert space and prove that when inserted on codimension-one surfaces they factorize the spacetime into two halves. The factorization channels are further constrained by symmetries in the bulk. As a corollary, we solve such critical impurities in the 2d minimal models and establish the factorization phenomena previously observed for localized mass deformations in the 3d ${\rm O}(N)$ model.