标题： 基于CRES的中微子质量测量天线阵列 显示英文标题

标题： Antenna Arrays for CRES-based Neutrino Mass Measurement

摘要： CRES 是一种用于精确测量带电粒子动能的技术，由项目8实验率先提出，该实验使用氚端点法来测量中微子质量。最近，它首次被用来测量分子氚光谱并对中微子质量设置限制，使用的是一种cm$^3$-规模的探测器。未来的直接中微子质量实验正在开发这项技术，以克服当前探测器的系统性和统计性限制。本文描述了其中的一种方法，即在自由空间中使用天线阵列进行CRES。讨论了现象学、探测器设计、模拟和性能评估，并以一个预期灵敏度为$m_{\beta} < 0.04 \ \mathrm{eV}/c^2$的设计实例作为总结。此外，还展示了演示规模装置的原型天线阵列测量结果，作为模拟的基准。通过整合这些结果，本文为CRES的天线阵列的发展及其性能提供了全面的参考。 显示英文摘要

摘要： CRES is a technique for precision measurements of kinetic energies of charged particles, pioneered by the Project 8 experiment to measure the neutrino mass using the tritium endpoint method. It was recently employed for the first time to measure the molecular tritium spectrum and place a limit on the neutrino mass using a cm$^3$-scale detector. Future direct neutrino mass experiments are developing the technique to overcome the systematic and statistical limitations of current detectors. This paper describes one such approach, namely the use of antenna arrays for CRES in free space. Phenomenology, detector design, simulation, and performance estimates are discussed, culminating with an example design with a projected sensitivity of $m_{\beta} < 0.04 \ \mathrm{eV}/c^2$. Prototype antenna array measurements are also shown for a demonstrator-scale setup as a benchmark for the simulation. By consolidating these results, this paper serves as a comprehensive reference for the development and performance of antenna arrays for CRES.